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Chambeshi Monument : ウィキペディア英語版
Chambeshi Monument

The Chambeshi Monument, in the Northern Province of Zambia, also called the Chambeshi Memorial and the Lettow-Vorbeck Memorial, commemorates the final cessation of hostilities of the First World War, three days after the Armistice in Europe.
==The reasons for the monument==
The monument bears a plaque which reads:

"On this spot at 7.30 am on Thursday 14th November 1918, General von Lettow-Vorbeck, commanding the German forces in East Africa, heard from Mr Hector Croad, then District Commissioner Kasama, of the signing of the Armistice by the German government, which provided for the unconditional evacuation of all German forces from East Africa".

A second plaque in the Bemba language ends with the words

''Twapela umuchinshi kuli bonse abashipa abalwile mu nkondo iyi''

which means ''we honour all brave soldiers in this war''. (More Africans than Europeans fought and died on both sides in the East African campaign, thousands more Africans who served as porters (sometimes under force) also died, and the civilian population suffered tremendously).〔Fred Reid: ''In Search of Willie Patterson: A Scottish Soldier in the Age of Imperialism'' Cualann Press, Dunfermaline (2002). p.121.〕
The message given to General von Lettow-Vorbeck was a telegram sent to Croad which read:

"Please send the following to General von Lettow-Vorbeck under a white flag - The English Prime Minister sent notice that on 11th November an Armistice was signed and that the fighting on all fronts should cease on 11th November at 11 o'clock. I order my troops to end hostilities as from now and I expect you to do the same. General van Deventer".
Hence the Memorial marks the cessation of hostilities, not the surrender itself.〔

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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